Dandruff is caused by an imbalanced scalp microbiome, typically due to an overgrowth of malassezia yeast. This yeast feeds on natural oils (sebum) produced by sebaceous glands beneath the skin, which also work with sweat glands.
Sebum is a natural, protective oil that moisturizes the scalp. But when produced in excess, it can mix with sweat, dead skin cells, and debris, creating a buildup that feeds malassezia. This leads to an imbalance (dysbiosis), causing oily, dead skin cells to lift off, resulting in visible flakes—dandruff.
"Once you understand your dandruff, you can manage it with minimal or no dandruff control product at all. This is the goal of Victory Serums." — Matt Heron, Founder.